AECOM 基于自然的解决方案解锁亚洲发展潜力:Unlocking the potential of nature-based solutions in Asia

Working with nature to enhance urban and coastal resilience is a logical approach to counter the effects of climate change. Asia is rich in natural resources, but investments at large scale implementations have been relatively low. Southeast Asia alone has 200 million hectares of terrestrial forests and is home to the world’s largest potential blue carbon stock – degraded coastal wetlands that (if restored) can sequester large amounts of carbon.

与大自然共生，增强城市和沿海地区的韧性，是应对气候变迁影响的有效方法。亚洲自然资源丰富，但在这方面大规模实施的投资相对较低。仅东南亚就拥有2亿公顷的陆地森林，这也是世界上最大的潜在蓝碳储量的所在地 - 退化的沿海湿地如果得到恢复，即可以固封大量的碳。

Recently, I spoke on this topic at a seminar co-organized by AECOM and the Singapore Economic Development Board, with panelists including Indranee Rajah, Minister in Singapore Prime Minister’s Office and Second Minister for Finance and National Development. From government authorities to local investors, city stakeholders all know that climate action is redefining the global economy – and we discussed the potential of nature-based solutions (NbS) in helping cities rise to the challenge.

最近，我在AECOM和新加坡经济发展局共同组织的研讨会上就这一主题分享了观点，其他小组成员包括新加坡总理办公室部长兼财政和国家发展部第二部长Indranee Rajah。从政府当局到当地投资者，城市利益相关者都已意识到，气候行动正在重新定义全球经济 - 我们讨论了基于自然的解决方案（NbS）在帮助城市应对挑战方面的潜力。

To date, much of the focus has been on decarbonization efforts, but they won’t be enough to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. We need to think about complementary strategies such as carbon sequestration, and we also need to take steps to mitigate the effects of climate change. In both areas, NbS can play a big role.

迄今为止，很大部分工作努力集中在脱碳，但这还不足以实现《巴黎气候变化协定》的目标。NbS可以在固碳战略，以及减轻气候变化对社会环境影响等方面发挥重要的作用。

Investment needs to be unlocked in NbS to achieve its full potential. The bankability of NbS projects is not always immediately apparent, but a strong public-private partnership model can help with this by balancing and mitigating investment risks, alleviating concerns, providing investors some levels of assurance on their returns on investment, while bridging readily available capital to getting sustainable infrastructure projects off the ground.

利用对NbS项目的投资来充分发挥其潜力是很重要的。NbS项目的可融资性并不总是显而易见的，但强大的公私合作模式可以通过平衡并且减轻投资风险，减少投资人的担忧，为投资者的回报提供一定程度的保证，同时将现成的资本与可持续的基础设施项目联系起来。

Dasha River Ecological Corridor
深圳大沙河生态长廊

Several Asian cities have already begun adopting this approach and some of the lessons learned in places such as Singapore, Shenzen include:

Singapore is among the first countries globally to set robust governance standards for carbon emissions. These include compatible definitions and taxonomies for NbS, and a consistent set of global standards for disclosures and reporting. If properly structured, investment in nature can be a new asset class which will drive capital to larger scale implementations.
In Shenzhen, one of China’s early adopters of the “sponge city” concept, which aims to control and mitigate flooding, water pollution and scarcity, and home to the iconic Dasha River Ecological Corridor, the city utilizes techniques and green infrastructure retrofits such as permeable pavements, green rooftops, bioswales and constructed wetlands at a variety of scales to reduce the intensity of rainwater runoff, enhancing absorption capacities across the city.

一些亚洲城市已经开始采用这种方法，在新加坡、深圳等地吸取的一些经验包括：

新加坡是全球首批为碳排放制定健全治理标准的国家之一。其中包括NbS的兼容定义和分类法，以及一以贯之的全球披露和报告标准。如果结构合理，自然投资可以成为一种新的资产类别，这将推动资本进行更大规模的实施。
深圳是中国早期采用“海绵城市”概念的国家之一，旨在控制和缓解洪水、水污染和稀缺性，也是标志性的大沙河生态长廊的所在地，该市利用各种规模的可渗透路面、绿色屋顶、生物洼地和人工湿地等技术和绿色基础设施改造，以减少雨水径流的强度，提高整个城市的吸收能力。

The lessons and proof points in these cities underline possibilities. If we can create the environment that unlock the value of NbS, we will have a good chance to create resilient urban ecosystems that help mitigate man-made climate change.

以上城市的经验证明了NbS的各种可能性。如果我们能够创造条件释放NbS的价值，我们将有很好的机会创建具备韧性的城市生态系统，从而缓解人为造成的气候变化。